K: the fixed ordering cost
h: the proportional holding cost
p: the penalty cost
d: the Poisson demand rate in each period
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Roberto Rossi, Inventory Analytics. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2021
Herbert E. Scarf. Optimality of (s, S) policies in the dynamic inventory problem. In K. J. Arrow, S. Karlin, and P. Suppes, editors, Mathematical Methods in the Social Sciences, pp. 196-202. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, 1960